Milestones:Nobeyama 45-m Telescope, 1982
Title
Nobeyama 45-m Telescope, 1982
Citation
In 1982, the Tokyo Astronomical Observatory in collaboration with Mitsubishi Electric Corporation completed the 45-m telescope as the world’s largest antenna for millimeter-wave radio astronomy. The 45-m telescope's innovative engineering contributed to the progress of radio astronomy by enabling high-resolution and high-sensitivity observations. Notable discoveries included new interstellar molecules and a black hole.
Street address(es) and GPS coordinates of the Milestone Plaque Sites
1. National Astronomical Observatory of Japan, 2-21-1, Osawa, Mitaka, Tokyo 181-8588, Japan, Coordinates: 35.6752, 139.5379 2. Nobeyama Radio Observatory, National Astronomical Observatory of Japan, 462-2, Nobeyama, Minamimaki, Minamisaku, Nagano 384-1305, Japan, Coordinates: 35.94444, 35.6752, 139.5379
Details of the physical location of the plaque
1. In the exhibition room in the headquarter campus.
2. At the foot of the telescope inside the fence.
How the plaque site is protected/secured
1. The place is in the visitor course inside the campus and the site is in a room.
2. The place is in the visitor course inside the campus and the site is within the fence that surrounds the 45-m telescope.
Historical significance of the work
Built in 1982 as the largest millimeter telescope for radio astronomy Providing High resolution and high sensitivity observational capability to astronomers all over the world Contributed to the progress of astrophysics and interstellar chemistry Observed emission from molecules, masers, and plasmas in the universe. Providing the deep insight of interstellar matter in our galaxy or extra-galaxies including discovery of a black hole or detection of bio molecules.
Features that set this work apart from similar achievements
Radio Spectra of fine structures of various astronomical objects have been taken. Several new molecules were identified in the universe. High velocity water vapor emission from the galaxy center was detected leading to firm evidence of presence of a black hole with later high-angular observations Methyl amine, potential precursor of amino acid glycine, was found to be rich in some star forming regions suggesting that biomolecules such as amino acids form in the universe. More than 3 million visitors have come to the Nobeyama Radio Observatory mainly to see the Nobeyama 45-m telescope since its opening in 1982.
Significant references
Contents of references are separately emailed. [1] Akabane, K., “A large millimeter wave antenna”, 1983 International Journal of Infrared and Millimeter Waves, 4, 793 [2] Sofue, Y. Handa, T. “A radio lobe over the galactic centre”, 1984, Nature, 310, 568 [3] Kaifu, N.; Hasegawa, T.; Morimoto, M.; Inatani, J.; Nagane, K.; Miyazawa, K.; Chikada, Y.; Kanzawa, T.; Akabane, K.; Suzuki, S., “Rotating gas disk around L1551 IRS-5”, 1984 Astronomy and Astrophysics, 134,7 [4] Fuerst, E.; Reich, W.; Reich, P.; Sofue, Y.; Handa, T. “A new non-thermal galactic radio source with a possible binary system”, 1985 Nature, 314, 720 [5] Kato, T., Tabara, H., Inoue, M., Aizu, K. “Extragalactic Radio Sources with Very Large Farady Rotation”, 1987, Nature, 329, 223 [6] Nakai, N.; Hayashi, M.; Handa, T.; Sofue, Y.; Hasegawa, T.; Sasaki, M., “A nuclear molecular ring and gas outflow in the galaxy M82”, 1987 Publications of the Astronomical Society of Japan, 39, 685 [7] Handa, T.; Sofue, Y.; Nakai, N.; Hirabayashi, H.; Inoue, M., “A radio continuum survey of the Galactic plane at 10 GHz”, 1987 Publications of the Astronomical Society of Japan, 39, 709 [8] Ohishi, M.; Kaifu, N.; Kawaguchi, K.; Murakami, A.; Saito, S.; Yamamoto, S.; Ishikawa, S.; Fujita, Y.; Shiratori, Y.; Irvine, W. M., “Detection of a new circumstellar carbon chain molecule, C4Si”, 1989 Astrophysical Journal, 345L, 83 [9] Tatematsu, K.; Umemoto, T.; Kameya, O.; Hirano, N.; Hasegawa, T.; Hayashi, M.; Iwata, T.; Kaifu, N.; Mikami, H.; Murata, Y.; Nakano, M.; Nakano, T.; Ohashi, N.; Sunada, K.; Takaba, H.; Yamamoto, S., “Molecular cloud cores in the Orion A cloud. I - Nobeyama CS (1-0) survey”, 1993 Astrophysical Journal, 404, 643 [10] Nakai, N.; Inoue, M.; Miyoshi, M., “Extremely-high-velocity H2O maser emission in the galaxy NGC4258”, 1993 Natur.361, 45 [11] Ukita, N. ; Tsuboi, M., “A 45-m telescope with a surface accuracy of 65 μm”, 1994, Proceedings of the IEEE, 82 , 725 [12] Mizuno, A., Onishi, T., Hayashi, M., Ohashi, N., Sunada, K., Hasegawa, T., and Fukui, Y.: “Molecular Cloud Condensation as a Tracer of Low Mass Star Formation”, 1994, Nature, 368, 719 [13] Kawaguchi, K.; Kasai, Y.; Ishikawa, S.; Kaifu, N., “A Spectral-Line Survey Observation of IRC +10216 between 28 and 50 GHz”, 1995 Publications of the Astronomical Society of Japan, 47, 853 [14] Tsuboi, M.; Handa, T.; Ukita, N., “Dense Molecular Clouds in the Galactic Center Region. I. Observations and Data”, 1999 Astrophysical Journal Supplement, 120, 1 [15] Onishi, T.; Mizuno, A.; Kawamura, A.; Tachihara, K.; Fukui, Y., “A Complete Search for Dense Cloud Cores in Taurus”, 2002 Astrophysical Journal, 575, 950 [16] Furuya, Ray S.; Kitamura, Y.; Wootten, A.; Claussen, M. J.; Kawabe, R., “Water Maser Survey toward Low-Mass Young Stellar Objects in the Northern Sky with the Nobeyama 45 Meter Telescope and the Very Large Array”, 2003 Astrophysical Journal Supplement, 144, 71 [17] Kuno, N.; Sato, N.; Nakanishi, H.; Hirota, A.; Tosaki, T.; Shioya, Y.; Sorai, K.; Nakai, N.; Nishiyama, K.; Vila-Vilaró, B., “Nobeyama CO Atlas of Nearby Spiral Galaxies: Distribution of Molecular Gas in Barred and Nonbarred Spiral Galaxies”, 2007 Publications of the Astronomical Society of Japan, 59, 117 Additional References of the Nobeyama 45-m Telescope’s social impacts [A1] UNKNOWN THINGS IN THE UNIVERSE ARE CAUGHT, 36 Spectral Lines Simultaneously, Nobeyama Radio Telescope, Yomiuri Newspaper, Aug. 14, 1982. [A2] INTERSTELLAR MOLECULES NOT PRESENT ON THE EARTH, Discoveries with the Nobeyama Radio Telescope, Asahi Newspaper, Jan. 10, 1987. [A3] EVIDENCE OF BLACKHOLE IN CENTER OF GALAXY, Discoveries of Super High Velocity Molecular Gas, A Galaxy 22 million light years Away, Nobeyama Observatory, Mainichi Newspaper, Jan. 7, 1993. [A4] PRESENCE OF PRE AMINO ACID THINGS IN INTERSTELLAR SPACE, Discoveries by National Astronomical Observatory of Japan, Nikkei Newspaper, Sep. 11, 2014. [A5] Column (more than 3 million visitors to the Nobeyama Observatory), Shinmai Newspaper, Oct. 18, 2013.
Supporting materials
Media:2015_Nobeyama45m_at_a_glance.pdf Media:Nobeyama45m_supporting_material.pdf
